A Comparison of the Lexicology of the Russian and Dari Languages

Abstract

Although the study of linguistic phenomena has a long history, serious study of it began at the start of the nineteenth century in Europe. In the first step, tracing the historical and comparative development of linguistic phenomena creates a kind of regularity, which leads to the discovery of the regularity of changes and transformations in Indo-European sounds. However, in the meantime, the comparison of other aspects of languages is never-ending. Lexicology is a branch of linguistics that emerged in the twentieth century and forms an independent part of language studies. Lexicology deals with the classification of words from a semantic perspective and their historical development. Synonyms, antonyms, monosemy, polysemy, the usage of words in terms of style and expression, as well as the evolution of words throughout history, are specific topics discussed in lexicology. The search and preparation of generalizations in the Russian and Dari languages, considering the branches studied in lexicology, have been conducted and reflected in this work.